The body freedom flutter phenomenon is one of the aeroelastic instabilities that occurs due to the coupling of the aeroelastic bending mode of the wing with the short-period mode in the flight dynamics of the aircraft. By using the aeroservoelastic model and applying closed loop control, this phenomenon can be suppressed in the operating conditions of the aircraft and the velocity of this event can be increased. The simplest model aircraft capable of displaying this instability includes the flexible wing and the planar flight dynamics model. For this purpose, the wing structure is modeled using the Euler-Bernoulli beam and, the theory of minimum variable state is used to model unstable aerodynamics to make the conditions suitable for modeling the system in state space. In the control section, the elevator is used as the control surface and LQR theory with Kalman filter is used to body freedom flutter suppression. Finally, the effect of adding a closed loop control to increase the body freedom flutter velocity and the limitations of this work are studied.

Background: Hypertension in the second trimester of pregnancy is accompanied by proteinuria that is called Preeclampsia Syndrome (PES). Body relaxation is a technique which makes harmony between mind and body. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Body Relaxation Technique (BRT) on some symptoms of Preeclampsia Syndrome (PES). Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 96 high-risk pregnant women who were selected by random sampling method from among women referring to community health centers of Isfahan city. The samples were divided into intervention and control groups by even and odd numbers. The intervention group members received BRT during 16 sessions. Blood pressure and proteinuria were measured and recorded before and after the intervention in both groups at the beginning and in the 36th week of pregnancy. The collected data were analyzed. Result: According to the Chi-square test, the frequency of PES was 11. 10% and 23. 50% in the intervention and control groups, respectively (χ, 2 = 3. 95, df = 1, p = 0. 046). After the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the diastolic blood pressure and proteinuria. Systolic blood pressure and stress were also significantly reduced in the intervention group. However, proteinuria was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Based on the results, the relaxation technique, as an easy technique, is recommended for pregnant women who are susceptible to pregnancy hypertension and preeclampsia. Moreover, as a clinical complementary method, it can be recommended for preventing the symptoms of PES.

Introduction. The study of gross anatomy has always been confronted with limitations including deterioration, bad odor of cadaver and fixative solutions. one of the modern preservation techniques is plastination. In this project a whole body was made by plastination technique.Methods. This study was carried out on a fresh human body after fixation of the cadaver. It was dissected carefully after 6 months. It was then dehydrated and defated in cold acetone (-25˚6) for 2 weeks and warm (35-40˚c) acetone for 4 weeks. finally it was impregnated by polymer under pressure of vaccum. Results. The plastinated specimens found to be immune from infection, deterioration and flexible without bad odor and showing natural color.Discussion. Plastination is a modern techinque that has many advantages to formaldehyde fixation especially for our country with limited source of body donation. Plastinated specimens can be unique material for teaching and can play a key role in solving our problem of cadaver shortage.  

An unknown 55 years old man with loss of consciousness, bradypnea, cyanosis and miotic pupil was referred to hospital from a bus terminal. Neurological examination revealed no lateralized sign and acrocyanosis was positive. A short time after administration of hypertonic glucose and naloxone, he had seizure, hypotension and apnea, therefore, he underwent intubation and mechanical ventilation. Primary laboratory examinations revealed respiratory acidosis and hypoxemia. After brain CT scanning and other lab tests, he received naloxone again and showed more consciousness. Since the man was on suspicion of body packing, plain abdomen X-ray was done and the existence of several packs was confirmed. Treatment by polyethylene glycol 2 lit/h and naloxone and serial activated charcoal started and finally, the patient excreted the packets and was then discharged with good condition.

Background Although both methods of spontaneous respiration and controlled ventilation during anesthesia are safe and effective for managing children with foreign body aspiration, there is no consensus from the literature as to which technique is optimal. This study aimed to determine the outcomes of anesthetic techniques in pediatric rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body removal. Materials and Methods In this retrospective cross sectional study, all children underwent rigid bronchoscopy for managing foreign body aspiration at Mofid hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2009 to 2015 were enrolled. Data gathering was done by a surgical technologist and using a structured checklist. The measured variables included gender, age, weight, and duration of anesthesia, duration of bronchoscopy, hospitalization in intensive care unit (ICU), and recovery time, and possible major and minor complications. Results Totally, 159 patients were assessed of whom 10 (6. 5%) were maintained spontaneous respiration and 149 (99. 35%) were given muscle relaxant. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of subjects was 27. 21 ± 24. 40 months, and also 61% (n=97) were male. The two groups did not differ in terms of age, gender and weight (p>0. 05). Patients with controlled ventilation had a similar duration of anesthesia, duration of bronchoscopy, hospitalization in ICU, recovery time, and complications with the patients who had spontaneous respiration during bronchoscopy (p > 0. 05). Conclusion Patients with spontaneous respiration and controlled ventilation during rigid bronchoscopy have a same outcome during and after the procedure. However, we strongly recommend further study in this regard.

This article is in line with the efforts of researchers who, in the last few years, have tried to eliminate the boundaries between cognitive and social sciences. Many researchers have investigated the classic works of sociology and anthropology in order to extract concepts which are useful in creating a common language between these two fields and help them in strengthening the foundations of new disciplines such as cognitive social science. Among these fundamental concepts is "Habitus", which is said to have been first proposed by the French anthropologist, Marcel Mauss and later developed in other social science traditions, especially in French anthropology. Relying on embodied cognition approach, which is one of the theories in cognitive science that emphasizes on the interaction between the Mind, Body, and Environment and by providing four interpretations of embodied cognition, the present research have studied, with a descriptive-analytical method, the concept of "Habitus" in the lecture "Body Techniques" by Mauss. The findings showed that Mauss's perception of Habitus as a "Total Social Fact" which has simultaneously the Psychological, Biological and the social aspects has a meaningful concordance with the interaction of the Mind, Body and Environment as a cognitive ecosystem in embodied cognition approach. Accordingly, the article claims that Habitus can be considered as one of the connecting concepts of cognitive sciences and social sciences and it can be used to establish and consolidate the foundations of cognitive social science as an emergent interdisciplinary field.Keywords: Body Techniques, Embodied Cognition, Habitus, Marcel Mass, Total Social Fact..  Introduction Aiming at gaining the intersection between sociology, anthropology, and cognitive science, and providing a basis for strengthening the foundations of interdisciplinary fields such as sociocognitive science, this research has tried to consider one of the significant concepts of sociology and anthropology in the light of an approach proposed in cognitive sciences. So, this article, in the light of the embodied cognition approach has studied "Habitus", as a concept proposed by Marcel Mauss in his lecture " Techniques of the Body", to show how Mauss’s concept of "Total Social Fact", emphasizes the necessity of paying simultaneous attention to the biological/physiological-psychological/mental-social/cultural aspects of social facts for a profound understanding of the social. The reason for choosing “Habitus” to achieve the goal of this study is that, according to Lizardo (2017: 68), this concept has the capacity to revive the links between mind and culture and strengthen an interdisciplinary view of the interaction between the biological (body), the psychological (mind), and the socio-cultural. To achieve this goal, the present article first discusses what the embodied cognition approach is and, during the Literature Review section, explains the relationship of this approach to existing interpretations of embodied cognition in social science researches. Finally, using a descriptive-analytical method, the article reinterprets Mauss’s concept of Habitus through the lens of four interpretations of embodied cognition approach.Literature Review Considering the research background of embodied cognition approach in social science researches, we can arrive at four different views of embodied cognition.embodiment of cultural meaningAccording to this view of embodiment, cultural meaning is fundamentally embodied. It means that, we can give meaning to our world in terms of the positions our bodies can take, such as our vertical position and our body movement in space (Lizardo, 2017: 76).embodiment of sociocultural activityAccording to this view, not only cultural meanings but also the activities we perform in our social and cultural environment are embodied. In other words, the forms and types of our activities in different contexts are by no means formed from nothing, but are in some way an extension of our perception of the body and its relationship to the environment.external embodiment of mindIn this interpretation, embodiment is an umbrella term for cognitive externalization of meaning and action. This view, which is more common in social studies of science and technology, includes studies of the interactions between embodied subjects and artifacts.embodiment of the collective unconsciousIn this interpretation, which is almost the opposite of (c), researchers believe that the body is a place for “internalization of the external”. In other words, not only does our embodied cognition affect the world, such as in tools , activities, and rituals, but the external environment also affects our minds.MethodologyRelying on embodied cognition approach, which is one of the theories in cognitive science that emphasizes on the interaction between the Mind, Body, and Environment and by providing four interpretations of embodied cognition, the present research have studied, with a descriptive-analytical method, Mauss’s concept of "Habitus" in the lecture " Techniques of the Body".Results By examining examples of habitus in Mauss's lecture, such as habitus of hunting, walking, digging, and swimming, based on the four interpretations of the embodied cognition, this article show how in each of these examples we can see the effect of mind, body, and environment on each other. Of course, this claim does not mean in any way that these three components are separate or have a cause and effect relationship with each other, but this relationship should be viewed as a dialectical relationship between these three components. However, findings show in this dialectical relationship between mind, body, and environment, one of components sometimes plays a more prominent role than the other two components. For example, in the case of magic in hunting, we can see how magic as an aspect of the cognitive unconscious (mind/ the psych) can help individuals to overcome their physical and environmental limitations; Or how technologies as a part of the environment (the social) contribute to mental processes (the psych). In short, it seems applying the theory of embodied cognition on the analysis of habitus helps us to study social facts in a framework within which the interaction between mind, body and environment take place.Conclusion The findings showed that Mauss's perception of Habitus as a "Total Social Fact" which has simultaneously the psychological, biological and the social aspects has a meaningful concordance with the interaction of the Mind, Body and Environment as a cognitive ecosystem in embodied cognition approach. Accordingly, this article claims that Habitus can be considered as one of the connecting concepts of cognitive sciences and social sciences and it can be used to establish and consolidate the foundations of cognitive social science as an emergent interdisciplinary field.